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The renal lobe is a portion of a kidney consisting of a renal pyramid and the renal cortex above it. [1] In humans, on average there are 7 to 18 renal lobes. [medical citation needed] It is visible without a microscope, though it is easier to see in humans than in other animals.
the occipital lobe; the temporal lobe; The three lobes of the human cerebellum. the flocculonodular lobe; the anterior lobe; the posterior lobe; The two lobes of the thymus; The two and three lobes of the lungs. Left lung: superior and inferior; Right lung: superior, middle, and inferior; The four lobes of the liver. Left lobe of liver; Right ...
A cortical lobule (or renal lobule) is a part of a renal lobe. It consists of the nephrons grouped around a single medullary ray , and draining into a single collecting duct . Its near identical parallel is the rectal lobe [ citation needed ] , which is present in the majority of mammals.
The unipapillary kidney with a single renal pyramid is the simplest type of kidney in mammals, from which the more structurally complex kidneys are believed to have evolved. [17] [6] [18] Differences in kidney structure are the result of adaptations during evolution to variations in body mass and habitats (in particular, aridity) between species.
The right kidney sits just below the diaphragm and posterior to the liver. The left kidney sits below the diaphragm and posterior to the spleen. On top of each kidney is an adrenal gland. The upper parts of the kidneys are partially protected by the 11th and 12th ribs.
[67] [3] The medulla of the each lobule is shaped like a cone, and, unlike mammals, it is not subdivided into the inner and outer regions, while structurally it is similar to the outer medulla of the mammalian kidney. [67] In the avian kidney, the renal pelvis is absent, [82] and each lobule has a separate branch to the ureter. [3]
The venous drainage of the kidney large mirrors its arterial supply, except that there are no segmental veins. [4] The stellate veins arise from the capillaries, then drain successively through interlobular veins and interlobar veins until these converge from across the kidney to form the renal vein for that kidney.
The collecting duct system is the final component of the kidney to influence the body's electrolyte and fluid balance. In humans, the system accounts for 4–5% of the kidney's reabsorption of sodium and 5% of the kidney's reabsorption of water. At times of extreme dehydration, over 24% of the filtered water may be reabsorbed in the collecting ...