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A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals and power. It is one of the basic building blocks of modern electronics. [1] It is composed of semiconductor material, usually with at least three terminals for connection to an electronic circuit.
A transistor computer, now often called a second-generation computer, [1] is a computer which uses discrete transistors instead of vacuum tubes. The first generation of electronic computers used vacuum tubes, which generated large amounts of heat, were bulky and unreliable.
DRAM chips during the early 1970s had three-transistor cells, before single-transistor cells became standard since the mid-1970s. [17] [15] CMOS memory was commercialized by RCA, which launched a 288-bit CMOS SRAM memory chip in 1968. [23] CMOS memory was initially slower than NMOS memory, which was more widely used by computers in the 1970s. [24]
Analog electronic circuits are those in which current or voltage may vary continuously with time to correspond to the information being represented. A simple schematic showing wires, a resistor, and a battery. The basic components of analog circuits are wires, resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, and transistors.
A logic circuit diagram for a 4-bit carry lookahead binary adder design using only the AND, OR, and XOR logic gates.. A logic gate is a device that performs a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output.
Bipolar transistors, and particularly power transistors, have long base-storage times when they are driven into saturation; the base storage limits turn-off time in switching applications. A Baker clamp can prevent the transistor from heavily saturating, which reduces the amount of charge stored in the base and thus improves switching time.
Cross-sectional view of a MOSFET type field-effect transistor, showing source, gate and drain terminals, and insulating oxide layer. The field-effect transistor (FET) is a type of transistor that uses an electric field to control the current through a semiconductor. It comes in two types: junction FET (JFET) and metal-oxide-semiconductor FET ...
Early computer memory consisted of magnetic-core memory, as early solid-state electronic semiconductors, including transistors such as the bipolar junction transistor (BJT), were impractical for use as digital storage elements (memory cells).