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For example, P. L. 111–5 (American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009) was the fifth enacted public law of the 111th United States Congress. Public laws are also often abbreviated as Pub. L. No. X–Y. When the legislation of those two kinds are proposed, it is called public bill and private bill respectively.
An enacting clause is a short phrase that introduces the main provisions of a law enacted by a legislature.It is also called enacting formula or enacting words. [1] It usually declares the source from which the law claims to derive its authority.
This is a chronological, but still incomplete, list of United States federal legislation. Congress has enacted approximately 200–600 statutes during each of its 119 biennial terms so more than 30,000 statutes have been enacted since 1789.
The 118th United States Congress, which began on January 3, 2023, and ended on January 3, 2025, has enacted 274 public laws and zero private laws. [1] [2] [3]In contrast with previous Congresses, which generally enacted their first laws no later than January or February, the 118th Congress's first law was enacted on March 20. [4]
The 117th United States Congress, which began on January 3, 2021, and ended on January 3, 2023, enacted 362 public laws and 3 private laws. [1] [2] Donald Trump, who was the incumbent president for the Congress's first seventeen days, did not enact any laws before his presidential term expired.
This is a chronological, but incomplete, list of United States federal legislation passed by the 1st through 56th United States Congresses, between 1789 and 1901. For the main article on this subject, see List of United States federal legislation .
The House and Senate are equal partners in the legislative process—legislation cannot be enacted without the consent of both chambers. Once a bill is approved by one house, it is sent to the other which may pass, reject, or amend it. For the bill to become law, both houses must agree to identical versions of the bill.
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. [1] Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill , and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business.