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A do-not-resuscitate order (DNR), also known as Do Not Attempt Resuscitation (DNAR), Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR [3]), no code [4] [5] or allow natural death, is a medical order, written or oral depending on the jurisdiction, indicating that a person should not receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if that person's heart stops beating. [5]
Since 1987, New York has had a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) law allowing surrogates to make decisions regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation on behalf of an adult patient who lacks medical decision-making capacity. [6] In 1991, the law was amended to authorize non-hospital orders not to resuscitate. [7]
In a 1998 study, charts of 180 residents at eight Oregon nursing facilities were evaluated over a one-year period. Where the POLST forms of residents included "do not resuscitate" and "comfort measures only" orders, none of the residents received unwanted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), intensive care, or ventilator support. [41]
Mr Swann told the UK Covid-19 Inquiry that he believed it would have been ‘unethical and unnecessary’ to deploy the orders based on age or disability. No blanket do-not-resuscitate order ...
These medical orders (DNR, MOST, POLST) must be signed by a physician and are the most frequently used medical directives. The DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) order expresses the patient's preference to decline cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The names of the other physician orders (MOST or POLST forms) vary by state.
The Covid inquiry is currently considering the impact on healthcare systems in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.