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The European hornet (Vespa crabro) is the largest eusocial wasp native to Europe. It is also the only true hornet (genus Vespa ) found in North America , having been introduced to the United States and Canada from Europe as early as 1840.
Vespa have a larger body size compared to their prey, a heavy exoskeleton to resist bee attacks, and strong mandibles and venomous sting. As concerns hornet hunting strategies, it has been demonstrated that some species such as V. tropica and V. velutina , can use both visual and olfactory cues for the long-range detection of honey bee colonies.
The subfamily Vespinae contains the largest and best-known groups of eusocial wasps, including true hornets (the genus Vespa), and the "yellowjackets" (genera Dolichovespula and Vespula). [1] The remaining genus, Provespa , is a small, poorly known group of nocturnal wasps from Southeast Asia .
European hornet, Vespa crabro. Like all insects, wasps have a hard exoskeleton which protects their three main body parts, the head, the mesosoma (including the thorax and the first segment of the abdomen) and the metasoma. There is a narrow waist, the petiole, joining the first and second segments of the abdomen. The two pairs of membranous ...
European hornets (Vespa crabro) are often mistaken for eastern cicada killers, though at about 3.5 cm (1.4 in) long, they are smaller than the largest cicada killers. The males are smaller than the females because they are not given as much larval food; since females must carry the cicadas they have killed to a burrow for nesting, they benefit ...
Vespa crabro – European hornet; Vespa vulgaris – Vespula vulgaris, common wasp; Vespa rufa – Vespula rufa; Vespa parietum; Vespa muraria; Vespa cribraria; Vespa spinipes; Vespa rupestris; Vespa coarctata; Vespa arvensis; Vespa biglumis; Vespa uniglumis; Vespa cornuta; Vespa signata; Vespa canadensis; Vespa emarginata; Vespa calida
The Oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis) is a social insect species of the family Vespidae. It can be found in Southwest Asia , Northeast Africa , the island of Madagascar (but no reports have been made of its presence on the island for many years), the Middle East, Central Asia, and parts of Southern Europe . [ 2 ]
The Asian giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia) or northern giant hornet, [2] [3] including the color form referred to as the Japanese giant hornet, [4] [5] is the world's largest hornet. It is native to temperate and tropical East Asia , South Asia , Mainland Southeast Asia , and parts of the Russian Far East .