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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management options are evidence-based practices with established treatment efficacy for ADHD.Approaches that have been evaluated in the management of ADHD symptoms include FDA-approved pharmacologic treatment and other pharmaceutical agents, psychological or behavioral approaches, combined pharmacological and behavioral approaches, cognitive training ...
The long-term effects on the developing brain and on mental health disorders in later life of chronic use of methylphenidate is unknown. Despite this, between 0.51% to 1.23% of children between the ages of 2 and 6 years take stimulants in the US. Stimulant drugs are not approved for this age group. [83] [84]
Common side effects include abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and fever. [3] Serious side effects may include psychosis, sudden cardiac death, mania, anaphylaxis, seizures, and dangerously prolonged erection. [3] Safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding is unclear. [5] Dexmethylphenidate is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant.
Atomoxetine is sometimes used in the treatment of cognitive impairment and frontal lobe symptoms due to conditions like traumatic brain injury (TBI). [48] [49] It is used to treat ADHD-like symptoms such as sustained attentional problems, disinhibition, [50] lack of arousal, fatigue, and depression, including symptoms from cognitive disengagement syndrome. [48]
Methylphenidate, sold under the brand names Ritalin (/ ˈ r ɪ t ə l ɪ n / RIT-ə-lin) and Concerta (/ k ə n ˈ s ɜːr t ə / kən-SUR-tə) [citation needed] among others, is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant indicated in the pharmacotherapy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [1] is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and emotional dysregulation that are excessive and pervasive, impairing in multiple contexts, and developmentally-inappropriate. [9] ADHD symptoms arise from executive dysfunction. [18]