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Allergen immunotherapy, also known as desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for environmental allergies (such as insect bites) and asthma. [1] [2] Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts of allergens in an attempt to change the immune system's response. [1]
The treatment uses dilutions of allergen and enzyme to which T-regulatory lymphocytes are believed to respond by favouring desensitization, or down-regulation, rather than sensitization. Once activated these lymphocytes travel to lymph nodes and reproduce or stimulate similar T-lymphocytes.
In medicine, desensitization is a method to reduce or eliminate an organism's negative reaction to a substance or stimulus. In pharmacology , drug desensitization refers to two related concepts. First, desensitization may be equivalent to drug tolerance and refers to subjects' reactions (positive or negative) to a drug reducing following its ...
An experimental treatment, enzyme potentiated desensitization (EPD), has been tried for decades but is not generally accepted as effective. [140] EPD uses dilutions of allergen and an enzyme, beta-glucuronidase , to which T-regulatory lymphocytes are supposed to respond by favoring desensitization, or down-regulation, rather than sensitization.
IgE also plays a pivotal role in responses to allergens, such as anaphylactic reactions to drugs, bee stings, and antigen preparations used in desensitization immunotherapy. IgE is typically the least abundant isotype: blood serum IgE levels in a non- atopic individual are less than 0.0001% of the total Ig concentration, [ 10 ] compared to 75% ...
Immunotherapy or biological therapy is the treatment of disease by activating or suppressing the immune system. Immunotherapy is designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while immunotherapies that reduce or suppress are classified as suppression immunotherapies .
Desensitization can refer to: Desensitization (telecommunications) Desensitization (medicine) Desensitization (psychology) Desensitization of explosives, see Phlegmatized; Desensitization, Allergen immunotherapy; Desensitization, another name for Exposure therapy
Desensitization, which is a slow process of consuming tiny amounts of the allergenic protein until the body is able to tolerate more significant exposure, results in reduced symptoms or even remission of the allergy in some people and is being explored for treatment of milk allergy. [89] This is called oral immunotherapy (OIT).