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  2. Literally - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literally

    Opponents state that this usage is contrary to its original meaning, [9] that it is nonsensical for a word to mean two opposite things despite the abundance of such words in languages, [9] that the use of the word literally as an intensifier can be substituted by other words ("‘absolutely", "definitely", "unquestionably" [10]), and that "it ...

  3. Origin of language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_of_language

    The origin of language, its relationship with human evolution, and its consequences have been subjects of study for centuries.Scholars wishing to study the origins of language draw inferences from evidence such as the fossil record, archaeological evidence, contemporary language diversity, studies of language acquisition, and comparisons between human language and systems of animal ...

  4. Literal and figurative language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Literal_and_figurative_language

    Literal language is the usage of words exactly according to their direct, straightforward, or conventionally accepted meanings: their denotation. Figurative (or non-literal ) language is the usage of words in a way that deviates from their conventionally accepted definitions in order to convey a more complex meaning or a heightened effect. [ 1 ]

  5. Historical linguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_linguistics

    Etymology studies the history of words: when they entered a language, from what source, and how their form and meaning have changed over time. Words may enter a language in several ways, including being borrowed as loanwords from another language, being derived by combining pre-existing elements in the language, by a hybrid known as phono ...

  6. Etymology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etymology

    The form or meaning of the word might show variations between dialects, which may yield clues about its earlier history. The comparative method . By a systematic comparison of related languages, etymologists may often be able to detect which words derive from their common ancestor language and which were instead later borrowed from another ...

  7. Lexicology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexicology

    Lexicology examines every feature of a word – including formation, spelling, origin, usage, and definition. [1] Lexicology also considers the relationships that exist between words. In linguistics, the lexicon of a language is composed of lexemes, which are abstract units of meaning that correspond to a set of related forms of a word ...

  8. Endonym and exonym - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endonym_and_exonym

    An endonym /'endənɪm/ (also known as autonym /ˈɔːtənɪm/) is a common, native name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language, or dialect, meaning that it is used inside a particular group or linguistic community to identify or designate themselves, their place of origin, or their language.

  9. Linguistic monogenesis and polygenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_monogenesis_and...

    Polygenesis points to a multiple origin of human languages. According to this hypothesis, languages evolved as several lineages independent of one another. [16] Modern investigation about creole languages demonstrated that with an appropriate linguistic input or pidgin, children develop a language with stable and defined grammar in one ...