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For commercial purposes, including botanical evaluation, apple cultivars are propagated by clonal grafting onto rootstocks. Apple trees grown without rootstocks tend to be larger and much slower to fruit after planting. Rootstocks are used to control the speed of growth and the size of the resulting tree, allowing for easier harvesting.
Burrknot on apple tree A2 rootstock, after plantation, side view. Burrknot is a tree disorder caused by the formation of adventitious root primordia. Although previously classified as disease, is now classified as a disorder, as it is no longer believed to be pathogenic. [1] It first looks like a smooth orange bulge growing from the stem or a ...
Specific replant disease (also known as sick soil syndrome) is a malady that manifests itself when susceptible plants such as apples, pears, plums, cherries and roses are placed into soil previously occupied by a related species. The exact causes are not known, but in the first year the new plants will grow poorly.
It is not the same as the cultivar 'Arkansas' or 'Arkansas Black Twig'. [1] Arkansas Black apples are generally medium-sized with a somewhat flattened shape. Generally a very dark red on the tree, occasionally with a slight green blush where hidden from the sun, the apples grow darker as they ripen, becoming a very dark red or burgundy color.
It has sooty-brown antennae has six segments [5] and the colour of the tibias varies from dark brown to yellowish. [4] When the adults are crushed they leave a blood red stain. [4] The presence of this wooly substance distinguishes E. lanigerum from any other aphid occurring on apple trees.
The Malling series is a group of rootstocks for grafting apple trees. It was developed at the East Malling Research Station of the South-Eastern Agricultural College at Wye in Kent , England. From about 1912, Ronald Hatton and his colleagues rationalised, standardised and catalogued the various rootstocks in use in Europe at the time under ...
The upper surface is light to dark green. Leaves of the A. glabra are said to have a distinct smell, similar to green apples, that can distinguish it from mangroves. [4] The fruit is oblong through spherical and apple-sized or larger, 7–15 cm long and up to 9 cm diameter, and falls when it is green or ripening yellowish. It disperses by ...
Unlike domesticated varieties, its leaves go red in autumn: 62% of the trees in the wild do this compared to only 2.8% of the regular apple plant or the 2,170 English cultivated varieties. [6] M. sieversii has the capability to reproduce vegetatively as they form root suckers, or basal shoots. [7]