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The engine temperature on modern cars is primarily controlled by a wax-pellet type of thermostat, a valve that opens once the engine has reached its optimum operating temperature. When the engine is cold, the thermostat is closed except for a small bypass flow so that the thermostat experiences changes to the coolant temperature as the engine ...
Car engine wax thermostatic element. The wax thermostatic element was invented in 1934 by Sergius Vernet (1899–1968). [1] Its principal application is in automotive thermostats used in the engine cooling system. The first applications in the plumbing and heating industries were in Sweden (1970) and in Switzerland (1971).
Car engine thermostat. Perhaps the most common example of purely mechanical thermostat technology in use today is the internal combustion engine cooling system thermostat, used to maintain the engine near its optimum operating temperature by regulating the flow of coolant to an air-cooled radiator. This type of thermostat operates using a ...
Cooling system regulation includes adjustable baffles in the air flow (sometimes called 'shutters' and commonly run by a pneumatic 'shutterstat'); a fan which operates either independently of the engine, such as an electric fan, or which has an adjustable clutch; and a thermostatic valve or a thermostat that can block the coolant flow when too ...
When the engine is cool or even at normal operating temperature, the fan clutch partially disengages the engine's mechanically driven radiator cooling fan, generally located at the front of the water pump and driven by a belt and pulley connected to the engine's crankshaft. This saves power, since the engine does not have to fully drive the fan.
The internal combustion engine in most cars and trucks is cooled by a water and antifreeze mixture that is circulated through the engine and radiator by a water pump to enable the radiator to give off engine heat to the atmosphere. Some of that coolant can be diverted through the heater core to give some engine heat to the cabin, or adjust the ...
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As engine power increased, increased flow of water was required, so engine-driven pumps were added to assist circulation. More compact engines began to use smaller radiators and require more convoluted flow patterns, so the water circulation became entirely dependent on the pump and might even be reversed against its natural direction.