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In a technical drawing, a basic dimension is a theoretically exact dimension, given from a datum to a feature of interest. In Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing , basic dimensions are defined as a numerical value used to describe the theoretically exact size, profile, orientation or location of a feature or datum target.
All dimensions must have a tolerance. Plus and minus tolerances may be applied directly to dimensions or applied from a general tolerance block or general note. For basic dimensions, geometric tolerances are indirectly applied in a related feature control frame. The only exceptions are for dimensions marked as minimum, maximum, stock or reference.
Tolerances can be applied to any dimension. The commonly used terms are: Basic size The nominal diameter of the shaft (or bolt) and the hole. This is, in general, the same for both components. Lower deviation The difference between the minimum possible component size and the basic size. Upper deviation
Tolerance stackups or tolerance stacks are used to describe the problem-solving process in mechanical engineering of calculating the effects of the accumulated variation that is allowed by specified dimensions and tolerances. Typically these dimensions and tolerances are specified on an engineering drawing. Arithmetic tolerance stackups use the ...
ASME Y14.5 is a standard published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) to establish rules, symbols, definitions, requirements, defaults, and recommended practices for stating and interpreting Geometric Dimensions and Tolerances (GD&T). [1]
ISO 129-4:2013 Technical product documentation (TPD) — Indication of dimensions and tolerances — Part 4: Dimensioning of shipbuilding drawings; ISO 129-5:2018 Technical product documentation — Indication of dimensions and tolerances — Part 5: Dimensioning of structural metal work; ISO 216 paper sizes, e.g. the A4 paper size