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The two-source hypothesis (or 2SH) is an explanation for the synoptic problem, the pattern of similarities and differences between the three Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. It posits that the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke were based on the Gospel of Mark and a hypothetical sayings collection from the Christian oral tradition ...
Luke 12 is the 12th chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records a number of teachings and parables told by Jesus Christ when "an innumerable multitude of people had gathered together", but addressed "first of all" to his disciples .
However, postulating Luke's acquaintance with the gospel of Matthew overcomes these same problems and gives the source for the common material. The most notable argument for the Farrer hypothesis is that there are many passages where the text of Matthew and Luke agree in making small changes to that of Mark (what is called the double tradition ...
Luke 2:5 γυναικί (woman) – Byz omitted by Alexandrian text-type. Luke 2:7 φατνη (manger) – א A B D L W Θ Ξ 700 τη φατνη (the manger) – Ψ 053 f 1 f 13 Byz τω σπηλαιω φατνη (the cave's manger) – Origen (via Epiphanius) Luke 2:9 καὶ ἄγγελος (and the angel) – Alexandrian text-type
Since Matthew was the primary source for Luke, and Matthew's gospel (the only published gospel at the time) would have been well known to Peter, he mostly would have preached on the contents of Matthew. Knowing Matthew better than Luke, Peter was more likely to mention details found in Matthew and not Luke than vice versa.
In 1922, William Lockton argued [3] that Mark copied from Luke and in turn was copied by Matthew, who also copied material from Luke. In 1963, Robert Lisle Lindsey, one of the founding members of the Jerusalem School of Synoptic Research, independently discovered a similar solution to the synoptic problem.
Some 198 instances involve one word, 82 involve two words, 35 three, 16 four, and 16 instances involve five or more words in the extant texts of Matthew and Luke as compared to Marcan passages. [42] John Wenham (1913–1996) adhered to the Augustinian hypothesis that Matthew was the first Gospel, Mark the second, and Luke the third, and ...
The question of how to explain the similarities among the Gospels Matthew, Mark, and Luke is known as the synoptic problem.The hypothetical L source fits a contemporary solution in which Mark was the first gospel and Q was a written source for both Matthew and Luke.