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The geology of Wisconsin includes Precambrian crystalline basement rock over three billion years old. A widespread marine environment during the Paleozoic flooded the region, depositing sedimentary rocks which cover most of the center and south of the state.
Wisconsin has geologic formations and deposits that vary in age from over three billion years to several thousand years, with most rocks being millions of years old. [28] The oldest geologic formations were created over 600 million years ago during the Precambrian, with the majority being below the glacial deposits.
The earliest references to strata now referred to as Jordan were made by many of the pioneering geologists of the upper Midwest. In an 1852 report on the geology of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota, D. D. Owen assigned it to the uppermost part of his “Lower Sandstone” (the “Upper Sandstone” referring to what is now called the St. Peter). [8]
Where the Wisconsin River turns west to join the Mississippi, the area to the south, including the whole of Grant County as well as most of Lafayette County, are part of the Driftless Area. The rugged terrain comprising most of the Driftless Area is distinct from the rest of Wisconsin, and is known locally as the Coulee Region. The steep ridges ...
The Wisconsin glaciation extended from about 75,000 to 11,000 years ago, between the Sangamonian Stage and the current interglacial, the Holocene. The maximum ice extent occurred about 25,000–21,000 years ago during the last glacial maximum , also known as the Late Wisconsin in North America.
Roadside Geology of Wisconsin [2] Glacial Lake Wisconsin 20,000 years ago with modern counties for geographical context. Glacial Lake Wisconsin was a prehistoric proglacial lake that existed from approximately 18,000 to 14,000 years ago, at the end of the last ice age , in the central part of present-day Wisconsin in the United States .
Weis Earth Science Museum (abbreviated as WESM), located at 1478 Midway Rd, on the University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh, Fox Cities Campus in Menasha, Wisconsin, USA, was opened in 2002. It focuses on Wisconsin geology and its mining history.
The Milwaukee Formation is a fossil-bearing geological formation of Middle Devonian age in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin. It stands out for the exceptional diversity of its fossil biota . Included are many kinds of marine protists , invertebrates , and fishes , as well as early trees and giant fungi .