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A milliradian (SI-symbol mrad, sometimes also abbreviated mil) is an SI derived unit for angular measurement which is defined as a thousandth of a radian (0.001 radian). ). Milliradians are used in adjustment of firearm sights by adjusting the angle of the sight compared to the barrel (up, down, left, or
Decigrades (1 ⁄ 4,000) were used with French artillery sights in World War I. An angular mil, which is most used in military applications, has at least three specific variants, ranging from 1 ⁄ 6,400 to 1 ⁄ 6,000. It is approximately equal to one milliradian (c. 1 ⁄ 6,283).
Originally, when indirect fire was introduced, an aiming point (AP) was used as a quick means of orienting the guns by ordering an angle to the AP for all guns to use. Other aiming points were used for aiming while firing, initially called ‘supplementary aiming points’ were given the name ‘Gun Aiming Points’ (GAP).
Stadiametric rangefinding often uses the milliradian ("mil" or "mrad") as the unit of angular measurement. Since a radian is defined as the angle formed when the length of a circular arc equals the radius of the circle, a milliradian is the angle formed when the length of a circular arc equals 1/1000 of the radius of the circle.
Conversion between true milliradian and derived units for maps and artillery; Milliradian NATO mil Warsaw Pact Mil Swedish streck Turn Degrees Minute of arc; 1 milliradian = 1: 1.018 592: 0.954 930: 1.002 677: 1 ⁄ 2000 π 9 / 50π ≈ 0.057 296 54 / 5π ≈ 3.437 747: 1 NATO mil = 0.981 719: 1: 0.9375: 0.984 375: 1 ⁄ 6400: 0 ...
A milliradian (mrad) is a thousandth of a radian (0.001 rad), i.e. 1 rad = 10 3 mrad. There are 2 π × 1000 milliradians (≈ 6283.185 mrad) in a circle. So a milliradian is just under 1 / 6283 of the angle subtended by a full circle.
The supplement of an interior angle is called an exterior angle; that is, an interior angle and an exterior angle form a linear pair of angles. There are two exterior angles at each vertex of the polygon, each determined by extending one of the two sides of the polygon that meet at the vertex; these two angles are vertical and hence are equal.
The GAU-8/A precision when installed in the A-10 is rated at "5 mil, 80 percent", meaning that 80 percent of rounds fired will hit within a cone with an angle of five milliradians; this equates to a 40-foot (12-meter) diameter circle at the weapon's design range of 4,000 feet (1,200 m). [18] By comparison, the M61 has an 8-milliradian dispersion.