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The Battle of Gaugamela. Year 331 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Potitus and Marcellus (or, less frequently, year 423 Ab urbe condita).
The Battle of Gaugamela (/ ˌ ɡ ɔː ɡ ə ˈ m iː l ə / GAW-gə-MEE-lə; Ancient Greek: Γαυγάμηλα, romanized: Gaugámēla, lit. 'the Camel's House'), also called the Battle of Arbela (Ἄρβηλα, Árbēla), took place in 331 BC between the forces of the Army of Macedon under Alexander the Great and the Persian Army under King Darius III.
An astronomical diary recording the death of Alexander the Great (British Museum). The Babylonian astronomical diaries are a collection of Babylonian cuneiform texts written in Akkadian language that contain systematic records of astronomical observations and political events, predictions based on astronomical observations, weather reports, and commodity prices, kept for about 600 years, from ...
Map depicting the Achaemenid Empire in c. 500 BC, by William Robert Shepherd (1923) Anachronistic painting of the Battle of Gaugamela by Jan Brueghel the Elder (1602) Although details of Ariarathes I's life are scant, [3] it is known that he was born in 405/4 BC to Ariamnes and had a brother named Orophernes (Holophernes). [4]
Glaucias of Macedon (Ancient Greek: Γλαυκίας) was an officer of the Companion cavalry at the Battle of Gaugamela. He may be the Glaucias who, on Cassander's orders, murdered Alexander IV of Macedon and his mother Roxana in the citadel of Amphipolis. Tomb III in Vergina, which probably belonged to Alexander IV
The battle of Arbela (Gaugamela) between Alexander and Darius, the latter being in flight. On read a Latin inscriptions on the bottom margin: "Proelium ad Arbelam inter Alexandrum et Darium et fuga ejus")
Mazaeus was the penultimate Persian satrap (governor) of Cilicia.His successor in Cilicia was Arsames, who was ultimately expelled by Alexander the Great.. At the Battle of Gaugamela, Mazaeus commanded the right flank with the Syrian, Median, Mesopotamian, Parthian, Sacian, Tapurian, Hyrcanian, Sacesinian, Cappadocian, and Armenian cavalry.
The scythed chariot was a modified war chariot. The blades extended horizontally for about 1 m (3 ft 3 in) to each side of the wheels. The Greek general Xenophon (430−354 BC), an eyewitness at the battle of Cunaxa, tells of them: "These had thin scythes extending at an angle from the axles and also under the driver's seat, turned toward the ground".