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The literacy rate in England in the 1640s was around 30 percent for males, rising to 60 percent in the mid-18th century. In France, the rate of literacy in 1686-90 was around 29 percent for men and 14 percent for women, before it increased to 48 percent for men and 27 percent for women. [11]
Education in the Thirteen Colonies during the 17th and 18th centuries varied considerably. Public school systems existed only in New England. In the 18th Century, the Puritan emphasis on literacy largely influenced the significantly higher literacy rate (70 percent of men) of the Thirteen Colonies, mainly New England, in comparison to Britain (40 percent of men) and France (29 percent of men).
Stone, Lawrence. "Literacy and education in England 1640-1900." Past & Present 42 (1969): 69-139 online. Sturt, Mary. The education of the people: A history of primary education in England and Wales in the nineteenth century (1967) Wardle, David. English popular education 1780-1970 (Cambridge UP, 1970) online; Watson Foster, ed.
Overall literacy rates were slightly higher than in England as a whole, but female rates were much lower than for their English counterparts. [8] There were some notable aristocratic female writers, including included Lady Elizabeth Wardlaw (1627–1727) and Lady Grizel Baillie (1645–1746). [9]
In 1926, the literacy rate was 56.6 percent of the population. By 1937, according to census data, the literacy rate was 86% for men and 65% for women, making a total literacy rate of 75%. The fastest expansion of primary schooling in the history of the Soviet Union coincided with the First Five-Year Plan.
Wage rates continued to improve in the later 19th century: real wages (after taking inflation into account) were 65 per cent higher in 1901 compared to 1871. Much of the money was saved, as the number of depositors in savings banks rose from 430,000 in 1831 to 5.2 million in 1887, and their deposits from £14 million to over £90 million.
At a time when the literacy rate in England was less than 30 per cent, the Puritan leaders of colonial New England believed children should be educated for both religious and civil reasons, and they worked to achieve universal literacy. [101]
Literacy rates in the early 18th century are difficult to estimate accurately. ... circulating libraries in England began in the ... 1700 and Peter Motteux, 1712) as ...