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A good example of its usage is the Sankethi endonym for the language: ಎಂಗಡೆ ವಾರ್ಥೆ (eṃgaḍe vārthe), which implies that the language belongs to the speaker and the Sankethi community, so as to distinguish it from a shared language. Below is a table of pronouns:
Sadhukkari (Devanagari: सधुक्कड़ी) was a vernacular dialect of the Hindi Belt of medieval North India, and a mix of Hindustani, Haryanvi, Braj Bhasha, Awadhi, Marwari, Bhojpuri and Punjabi, hence it is also commonly called a Panchmel Khichri. [1] [2] Since it is simpler, it is used in adult literacy books or early literacy books.
Surdas's poetry was written in a dialect of Hindi called Braj Bhasha, until then considered to be a very plebeian language, as the prevalent literary languages were either Persian or Sanskrit. His work raised the status of the Braj Bhasha from a crude language to that of a literary one.
The 1961 Census of India had recorded 1652 languages being in use in India. However, it was decided to exclude languages spoken by less than 10,000 people in the 1971 Census, which brought down the figure to 108 languages. [2] PLSI has followed the policy of including all languages in the survey, irrespective of the number of users.
Sant Bhasha (Gurmukhi: ਸੰਤ-ਭਾਸ਼ਾ; romanized: Sant Bhāṣā; lit. ' language of saints ' ) is a liturgical and scriptural language composed of vocabulary common to northern Indian languages , which was extensively used by saints and poets to compose religious verses.
The similarity to Central Indo Aryan languages increases as one moves towards Madhya Pradesh. E.g. in the parts adjacent to Madhya Pradesh, zāna padte ( जानं पडते ) (I have to go) is preferred over zā lāgte ( जा लागते ), which is similar to Hindi jānā padtā hai ( जाना पडता है ).
When Devanāgarī is used for writing languages other than Sanskrit, conjuncts are used mostly with Sanskrit words and loan words. Native words typically use the basic consonant and native speakers know to suppress the vowel when it is conventional to do so. For example, the native Hindi word karnā is written करना (ka-ra-nā). [60]
The first Hindi books, using the Devanagari script or Nāgarī script were Heera Lal's treatise on Ain-i-Akbari, called Ain e Akbari ki Bhasha Vachanika, and Rewa Maharaja's treatise on Kabir. Both books were published in 1795. [citation needed] Munshi Lallu Lal's Hindi translation of Sanskrit Hitopadesha was published in 1809.