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2. Nicotine poisoning - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotine_poisoning

   The LD 50 of nicotine is 50 mg/kg for rats and 3 mg/kg for mice. 0.5–1.0 mg/kg can be a lethal dosage for adult humans, and 0.1 mg/kg for children. [19] [20] However the widely used human LD 50 estimate of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg was questioned in a 2013 review, in light of several documented cases of humans surviving much higher doses; the 2013 review suggests that the lower limit causing fatal ...

3. Nicotine salt - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotine_salt

   A nicotine base and a weak acid such as benzoic acid or levulinic acid is used to form a nicotine salt. [1] Across a sample of 23 nicotine salts available for public purchase, the three most common acids used in the formation of nicotine salts were lactic acid, benzoic acid and levulinic acid. [8] Benzoic acid is the most used acid to create a ...

4. Nicotine - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotine

   Nicotine has been shown to produce birth defects in humans and is considered a teratogen. [42] [43] The median lethal dose of nicotine in humans is unknown. [44] High doses are known to cause nicotine poisoning, organ failure, and death through paralysis of respiratory muscles, [41] [45] though serious or fatal overdoses are rare. [46]

5. Child nicotine poisonings rise as e-cig sales surge - AOL

   www.aol.com/news/child-nicotine-poisonings-rise...

   Cases of vaping-related nicotine exposure reported to poison centers hit an all-time high in 2022 — despite a 2016 law, the Child Nicotine Poisoning Prevention Act, that requires child-resistant ...

6. FDA links vaping to 127 seizures, the result of 'nicotine ...

   www.aol.com/news/fda-links-vaping-to-127...

   A new report from the Food and Drug Administration is sharing 127 cases of "seizures and other neurological symptoms" related to vaping. An expert weighs in on the potential long term health effects.

7. Health effects of electronic cigarettes - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of...

   Poison control center calls in the US related to e-cigarettes was one call per month in September 2010 to 215 calls per month in February 2014. [131] US poison control centers reported that 92.5% of children who came in contact with nicotine e-liquid swallowed it during the period from January 2012 to April 2017. [128]

8. Median lethal dose - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median_lethal_dose

   Negative values of the decimal logarithm of the median lethal dose LD 50 (−log 10 (LD 50)) on a linearized toxicity scale encompassing 11 orders of magnitude. Water occupies the lowest toxicity position (1) while the toxicity scale is dominated by the botulinum toxin (12). [107] The LD 50 values have a very wide range.

9. Tobacco-specific nitrosamines - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco-specific_nitrosamines

   Among the tobacco-specific nitrosamines, nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK) and N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) are the most carcinogenic. [1] Others include N ′-nitrosoanatabine (NAT) and N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB). NNK and its metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) are potent systemic lung carcinogens in rats ...