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Provides layer 3 connectivity and routes IP traffic through an Internet service provider’s backbone network to the Internet A DSLAM collects data traffic from multiple subscribers into a centralized point so that it can be transported to a switch or router over a Frame Relay, ATM, or Ethernet connection.
Broadband is defined by the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India as "an always-on data connection ... that offers a minimum downlink and uplink speed of 2 Mbit/s". [2] The number of internet users is 895.832 million, out of whom 34.36 million are narrowband subscribers and 861.472 million are broadband subscribers. [3]
Examples of CPE types include modems, routers, gateways, set-top boxes, and VoIP-phones. TR-069 was first published in May 2004, with amendments in 2006, 2007, 2010, July 2011 (version 1.3), [ 1 ] and November 2013 (version 1.4 am5) [ 2 ] The Home Gateway Initiative (HGI), Digital Video Broadcasting Project (DVB) and WiMAX Forum have endorsed CWMP.
Carrier-grade NAT. Carrier-grade NAT (CGN or CGNAT), also known as large-scale NAT (LSN), is a type of network address translation (NAT) used by ISPs in IPv4 network design. With CGNAT, end sites, in particular residential networks, are configured with private network addresses that are translated to public IPv4 addresses by middlebox network address translator devices embedded in the network ...
Each line is drawn between two nodes, representing two IP addresses.This is a small look at the backbone of the Internet. The Internet backbone is the principal data routes between large, strategically interconnected computer networks and core routers of the Internet.
A Tier 1 network is an Internet Protocol (IP) network that can reach every other network on the Internet solely via settlement-free interconnection (also known as settlement-free peering). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Tier 1 networks can exchange traffic with other Tier 1 networks without paying any fees for the exchange of traffic in either direction. [ 3 ]
After the launch of Reliance Jio in 2016, Internet data rates dropped considerably, and telecom companies expanded their fiber optic networks in competition. Today, internet access in India is provided by both public and private companies using a variety of technologies and media, including dial-up (PSTN), xDSL, coaxial cable, Ethernet, FTTH ...
If properly configured, the PC can also function as the router for a home LAN. An internal modem can be installed on a single PC (e.g. on a PCI card), also allowing that single PC to connect to a WAN. [7] Again, the PC can be configured to function as a router for a home LAN. A cellular wireless access point can function in a similar fashion to ...