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The diagnosis may be supported by nerve conduction studies and medical imaging. [1] TOS is difficult to diagnose and there are many potential differential diagnoses as well as other diseases that are often co-occurrent with TOS. [5] Initial treatment for the neurogenic type is with exercises to strengthen the chest muscles and improve posture. [1]
Back pain (Latin: dorsalgia) is pain felt in the back. It may be classified as neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected. [1] The lumbar area is the most common area affected. [2]
The thoracic spine begins at the base of the neck and extends to the middle of the trunk. Any pain in this area is considered "middle back pain". [2] The exact symptoms associated with middle back pain will depend upon the underlying cause. Most middle back pain is not serious in nature.
Differential diagnosis Compression of the upper spinal cord , multiple sclerosis , transverse myelitis , Behçet's disease , osteogenesis imperfecta In neurology , Lhermitte phenomenon , also called the barber chair phenomenon , is an uncomfortable "electrical" sensation that runs down the back and into the limbs.
In some, the x-ray findings may correspond to symptoms of back stiffness with flexion/extension or with mild back pain. [2] Back pain or stiffness may be worse in the morning. [4] Rarely, large anterior cervical spine osteophytes may affect the esophagus or the larynx and cause pain, difficulty swallowing [5] [6] or even dyspnea. [7]
Twelfth rib syndrome, also known as rib tip syndrome, is a painful condition that occurs as a result of highly mobile floating ribs.It commonly presents as pain that may be felt in the lower back or lower abdominal region as a result of the 11th or 12th mobile rib irritating the surrounding tissues and nervous systems.
Common symptoms include lower back pain, headaches, weakness (myasthenia), numbness (hypoesthesia) above and below the involved limb, [2] leg pain, [3] and sometimes rectal and genital pain. [2] Bowel and bladder dysfunction , urinary retention or incontinence may occur. [ 4 ]
Symptoms for spinal tumors may vary due to factors such as the type of tumor, the region of the spine, and the health of the patient. Back pain is the most common symptom and it can be a problem if the pain is severe, has a time frame that lasts longer than it would for a normal injury, and becomes worse while laying down or at rest.