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Pre-war Germany had been a major supplier of optical equipment to the world, with production centred on the city of Jena. [1] Carl Zeiss AG was a particularly prominent company in this field. [ 4 ] In 1913 60% of British optical glass was manufactured in Jena and 30% by Parra Mantois in France. [ 1 ]
Rubber was particularly troublesome, with Germany requiring 80% of its rubber from imports. [69] Hitler required Soviet help to procure rubber from the Far East, the shortage of which had caused Germany problems in World War I. [1] Rubber production in Malaya and the East Indies was dominated by the British and the Dutch. [1]
The German–Soviet Economic Agreement of 12 October 1925 formed the contractual basis for trade relations with the Soviet Union. In addition to the normal exchange of goods, German exports to the Soviet Union from the very beginning utilized a system negotiated by the Soviet Trade Mission in Berlin by which the Soviet Union was granted credits for the financing of additional orders in Germany ...
Nitrile rubber was developed in 1931 at BASF and Bayer, then part of chemical conglomerate IG Farben. The first commercial production began in Germany in 1935. [32] [33] IG Farben plant under construction approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Auschwitz, 1942 The Buna-Werke was a slave labor factory located near Auschwitz and financed by IG ...
In order to make Germany independent from the importation of natural rubber, the first industrial plant for the production of artificial rubber was built in Schkopau near Halle (Saale) and named Buna-Werke GmbH Schkopau. It was a subsidiary of Ammoniakwerk Merseburg GmbH, later known as Leunawerke, which belonged to IG Farben. The foundation ...
Rubber production plant at the Monowitz concentration camp (Auschwitz III) During the war, as Germany acquired control of new territories (by direct annexation, by military administration, or by installing puppet governments in defeated countries), these new territories were forced by the Nazi administration to sell raw materials and ...
The name Buna was derived from the butadiene-based synthetic rubber and the chemical symbol for sodium (Na), a process of synthetic rubber production developed in Germany. Other German industrial enterprises built factories with their own subcamps, such as Siemens-Schuckert 's Bobrek subcamp, close to Monowitz, to profit from the use of slave ...
The first rubber products were household items such as milk bottle teats and suspenders, followed by industrial supplies such as roller coverings, conveyor belts or drive belts. In 1870, there were already 70 employees; a 50 m high chimney (1872) and a steam engine (1892) announced the beginning of industrial production.