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The elongated, exposed vessels in lower velamentous cord insertion cases are more readily compressed by the fetus, hence there is an even greater risk of non-reassuring fetal heart rate pattern and emergency caesarean section.
Upon examining the placenta after delivery, it was noted that the placenta demonstrated the appearance of a circumvallate placenta, and also showed evidence of abnormal umbilical cord insertion into the placenta. Postpartum, the mother had a good recovery and the newborn was discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit 105 days post-birth. [3]
Histopathology of placenta with increased syncytial knotting of chorionic villi, with two knots pointed out. The following characteristics of placentas have been said to be associated with placental insufficiency, however all of them occur in normal healthy placentas and full term healthy births, so none of them can be used to accurately diagnose placental insufficiency: [citation needed]
A good time to check your heart rate is in the morning after you’ve had a good night’s sleep, before you get out of bed or grab your morning coffee, says Dr. Steinbaum.
This means that the heart is working against higher pressures, which makes it more difficult for the heart to pump blood. [1] In a fetus, there is high pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and low pulmonary blood flow as the fetus does not use the lungs for oxygen transfer, but instead relies on the placenta for oxygen. When the baby is born ...
A myocardial bridge (MB) is a common congenital heart anomaly in which one of the coronary arteries tunnels through the heart muscle itself.. In most people, the coronary arteries rest on top of the heart muscle and feed blood down into smaller vessels (e.g. the septal arteries) which then carry blood to the heart muscle itself (i.e. populate throughout the myocardium).
For uncomplicated term or preterm infants, delayed cord clamping is standard so that the child can immediately be placed in the mothers arms to be evaluated. [4] Supplemental oxygen is used judiciously. [4] Monitoring of heart rate is the best indicator of response to resuscitation efforts. [4]
On fetal heart tracing (a linear recording of the fetal heart rate) this would usually look like moderate to severe variable decelerations. [6] In overt cord prolapse, the cord can be seen or felt on the vulva or vagina. [1] The main issue with cord prolapse is that, once the cord is prolapsed, it is prone to compression by the foetus and the womb.