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Zidovudine (ZDV), also known as azidothymidine (AZT), was the first antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. It is generally recommended for use in combination with other antiretrovirals. [6] It may be used to prevent mother-to-child spread during birth or after a needlestick injury or other potential exposure. [6]
Lamivudine and zidovudine both competitively inhibit and reduce the activity of reverse transcriptase (RT) causing HIV infected cells to decrease the number of viruses in the body. [14] Lamivudine and zidovudine act as nucleoside analogs, which are substrates for the human nucleoside kinases. The initial phosphorylation step is crucial for the ...
In electrophysiology, the threshold potential is the critical level to which a membrane potential must be depolarized to initiate an action potential. In neuroscience , threshold potentials are necessary to regulate and propagate signaling in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
zidovudine (AZT or ZDV) It is indicated in the treatment of AIDS/HIV -1. [ 2 ] For this purpose, the combination is very useful in pregnant women to decrease the risk of mother-to-child transmission .
Given the specificity of the target of these drugs there is the risk, like with antibiotics, of the development of drug-resistant mutated viruses.To reduce this risk, it is common to use several different drugs together that are each aimed at different targets.
The formal potential is thus the reversible potential of an electrode at equilibrium immersed in a solution where reactants and products are at unit concentration. [4] If any small incremental change of potential causes a change in the direction of the reaction, i.e. from reduction to oxidation or vice versa , the system is close to equilibrium ...
An action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell rapidly rises and falls. [1] This depolarization then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarize. Action potentials occur in several types of excitable cells, which include animal cells like neurons and muscle cells, as well as some plant cells.
In electrochemistry, the Nernst equation is a chemical thermodynamical relationship that permits the calculation of the reduction potential of a reaction (half-cell or full cell reaction) from the standard electrode potential, absolute temperature, the number of electrons involved in the redox reaction, and activities (often approximated by concentrations) of the chemical species undergoing ...