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  2. Carroll Quigley - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carroll_Quigley

    Carroll Quigley (/ ˈ k w ɪ ɡ l i /; November 9, 1910 – January 3, 1977) was an American historian and theorist of the evolution of civilizations.He is remembered for his teaching work as a professor at Georgetown University, and his seminal works, The Evolution of Civilizations: An Introduction to Historical Analysis, and Tragedy And Hope; A History Of The World In Our Time, in which he ...

  3. Timeline of ancient history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_ancient_history

    The date used as the end of the ancient era is arbitrary. The transition period from Classical Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages is known as Late Antiquity.Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the transitional centuries from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, in both mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world: generally from the end of the Roman Empire's ...

  4. Cultural evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_evolution

    Cultural evolution is an evolutionary ... itself led to the growth and development of civilization. [3] ... change explained through the theories of evolution" (PDF).

  5. Human history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_history

    Human history is the record of humankind from prehistory to the present. Modern humans evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago and initially lived as hunter-gatherers.They migrated out of Africa during the Last Ice Age and had spread across Earth's continental land except Antarctica by the end of the Ice Age 12,000 years ago.

  6. Civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization

    The ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia were the oldest civilization in the world, beginning about 4000 BCE. Ancient Egypt is an example of an early culture civilization. [1]A civilization (also spelled civilisation in British English) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or ...

  7. Sociocultural evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociocultural_evolution

    Marshall Sahlins, co-editor with Elman Service of Evolution and Culture (1960), divided the evolution of societies into 'general' and 'specific'. [70] General evolution is the tendency of cultural and social systems to increase in complexity, organization and adaptiveness to environment. [70]

  8. File:Ancient Civilizations.pdf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ancient_Civilizations.pdf

    Original file (1,239 × 1,752 pixels, file size: 58.01 MB, MIME type: application/pdf, 140 pages) This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons . Information from its description page there is shown below.

  9. History of Earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Earth

    The evolution of grass also brought primates down from the trees, and started human evolution. The first big cats evolved during this time as well. [189] The Tethys Sea was closed off by the collision of Africa and Europe. [190] The formation of Panama was perhaps the most important geological event to occur in the last 60 million years.