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Hyperintensities are commonly divided into 3 types depending on the region of the brain where they are found. Deep white matter hyperintensities occur deep within white matter, periventricular white matter hyperintensities occur adjacent to the lateral ventricles and subcortical hyperintensities occur in the basal ganglia. [citation needed]
Head CT showing periventricular white matter lesions. Leukoaraiosis is a particular abnormal change in appearance of white matter near the lateral ventricles. It is often seen in aged individuals, but sometimes in young adults. [1] [2] On MRI, leukoaraiosis changes appear as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in T2 FLAIR images.
Moderate Severe ARIA-E Edema: FLAIR hyperintensity confined to sulcus and/or cortex/subcortical white matter in one location < 5 cm FLAIR hyperintensity 5 to 10 cm, or more than 1 site of involvement, each measuring < 10 cm FLAIR hyperintensity measuring > 10 cm, often with significant subcortical white matter and/or sulcal involvement.
Binswanger's disease, also known as subcortical leukoencephalopathy and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, [1] is a form of small-vessel vascular dementia caused by damage to the white brain matter. [2] White matter atrophy can be caused by many circumstances including chronic hypertension as well as old age. [3]
[4] [5] If lumbar puncture is performed this may show increased protein levels but no white blood cells. [1] [3] [4] Computed tomography scanning may be performed in the first instance; this may show low density white matter areas in the posterior lobes. [4] The diagnosis is typically made with magnetic resonance imaging of the brain.
Leukoencephalopathy (leukodystrophy-like diseases) is a term that describes all of the brain white matter diseases, whether their molecular cause is known or unknown. [1] It can refer specifically to any of these diseases: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; Toxic leukoencephalopathy
Researchers analyzing the white matter of superagers over a 5-year period found that despite comparable overall white matter health with typical older adults, superagers exhibited superior ...
The criteria for MRI-defined vascular depression focus on the presence and severity of either deep white matter lesions, often referred to as white matter hyperintensities, or subcortical grey matter lesions. The most severe lesion in an individual is scored based on predefined criteria and considered in combination with two measures of ...