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Evidence from subcortical small infarcts suggests that motor fibers are somatotopically arranged in the human corona radiata. Following subtotal brain damage, localization of the corticofugal projection in the corona radiata and internal capsule can assist in evaluating a patient's residual motor capacity and predicting their potential for functional restitution.
CT image showing extensive low attenuation in the right hemispheric white matter due to dilated Type 2 perivascular spaces Axial fat-suppressed T2-weighted MRI image in the same patient as above demonstrating extensive dilated Type 2 perivascular spaces in the right hemisphere Perivascular space is depicted in the inset box.
Binswanger's disease, also known as subcortical leukoencephalopathy and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, [1] is a form of small-vessel vascular dementia caused by damage to the white brain matter. [2] White matter atrophy can be caused by many circumstances including chronic hypertension as well as old age. [3]
CT scan may show hyperdense intra-axial hemorrhage in the subcortical region. Diffuse white matter hypodensities in both cerebral hemispheres may represents microangiopathic changes. On MRI these lesions will be presented as blooming artifact on gradient echo and susceptibility weighted imaging. [3]
Neuroimaging techniques such as Computed Tomography (CT) scan or Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) are typically used to detect the presence of degenerative subcortical white matter. [26] Microscopy of the cerebrospinal fluid can also be used for diagnosis, where swollen astrocytes with distorted and elongated mitochondria can be seen in ...
FLAIR hyperintensity confined to sulcus and/or cortex/subcortical white matter in one location < 5 cm FLAIR hyperintensity 5 to 10 cm, or more than 1 site of involvement, each measuring < 10 cm FLAIR hyperintensity measuring > 10 cm, often with significant subcortical white matter and/or sulcal involvement.
The internal capsule is a paired white matter structure, as a two-way tract, carrying ascending and descending fibers, to and from the cerebral cortex. The internal capsule is situated in the inferomedial part of each cerebral hemisphere of the brain. It carries information past the subcortical basal ganglia.
White matter is the tissue through which messages pass between different areas of grey matter within the central nervous system. The white matter is white because of the fatty substance (myelin) that surrounds the nerve fibers (axons). This myelin is found in almost all long nerve fibers, and acts as an electrical insulation.