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Natural selection is the ... He described natural selection as analogous to artificial selection, a process by which animals and plants with traits considered ...
Stabilizing selection (not to be confused with negative or purifying selection [1] [2]) is a type of natural selection in which the population mean stabilizes on a particular non-extreme trait value. This is thought to be the most common mechanism of action for natural selection because most traits do not appear to change drastically over time ...
Animal coloration, readily observable, soon provided strong and independent lines of evidence, from camouflage, mimicry and aposematism, that natural selection was indeed at work. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] The historian of science Peter J. Bowler wrote that Darwin's theory "was also extended to the broader topics of protective resemblances and mimicry ...
The development and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria provides evidence that evolution due to natural selection is an ongoing process in the natural world. Natural selection is ubiquitous in all research pertaining to evolution, taking note of the fact that all of the following examples in each section of the article document the process.
According to Charles Darwin's 1859 theory of natural selection, features such as coloration evolved by providing individual animals with a reproductive advantage. For example, individuals with slightly better camouflage than others of the same species would, on average, leave more offspring.
A significant example of directional selection in populations is the fluctuations of light and dark phenotypes in peppered moths in the 1800s. [16] During the industrial revolution, environmental conditions were rapidly changing with the newfound emission of dark, black smoke from factories that would change the color of trees, rocks, and other ...
Natural selection can act at different levels of organisation, such as genes, cells, individual organisms, groups of organisms and species. [83] [84] [85] Selection can act at multiple levels simultaneously. [86] An example of selection occurring below the level of the individual organism are genes called transposons, which can replicate and ...
Natural selection changes the relative frequencies of alternative phenotypes, insofar as they are heritable. [36] However, a phenotype with high adaptedness may not have high fitness. Dobzhansky mentioned the example of the Californian redwood , which is highly adapted, but a relict species in danger of extinction . [ 25 ]