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In statistics and related fields, a similarity measure or similarity function or similarity metric is a real-valued function that quantifies the similarity between two objects. Although no single definition of a similarity exists, usually such measures are in some sense the inverse of distance metrics : they take on large values for similar ...
A diversity index is a method of measuring how many different types (e.g. species) there are in a dataset (e.g. a community).Diversity indices are statistical representations of different aspects of biodiversity (e.g. richness, evenness, and dominance), which are useful simplifications for comparing different communities or sites.
Selection coefficient, usually denoted by the letter s, is a measure used in population genetics to quantify the relative fitness of a genotype compared to other genotypes. . Selection coefficients are central to the quantitative description of evolution, since fitness differences determine the change in genotype frequencies attributable to selecti
Mark and recapture is a method commonly used in ecology to estimate an animal population's size where it is impractical to count every individual. [1] A portion of the population is captured, marked, and released.
The index is known by several other names, especially Sørensen–Dice index, [3] Sørensen index and Dice's coefficient. Other variations include the "similarity coefficient" or "index", such as Dice similarity coefficient ( DSC ).
A correlation coefficient is a numerical measure of some type of linear correlation, meaning a statistical relationship between two variables. [a] The variables may be two columns of a given data set of observations, often called a sample, or two components of a multivariate random variable with a known distribution.
The Mean Species Abundance Index (MSA) calculates the trend in population size of a cross section of the species. It does this in line with the CBD 2010 indicator for species abundance. [10] The Biodiversity Intactness Index (BII) measures biodiversity change using abundance data on plants, fungi and animals worldwide.
In statistics and research design, an index is a composite statistic – a measure of changes in a representative group of individual data points, or in other words, a compound measure that aggregates multiple indicators. [1] [2] Indices – also known as indexes and composite indicators – summarize and rank specific observations. [2]