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The informative abstract, also known as the complete abstract, is a compendious summary of a paper's substance and its background, purpose, methodology, results, and conclusion. [23] [24] Usually between 100 and 200 words, the informative abstract summarizes the paper's structure, its major topics and key points. [23]
Conferences have traditionally been organized in-person. Since the COVID-19 pandemic many conferences have either temporarily or permanently switched to a virtual or hybrid format. Some virtual conferences involve both asynchronous and synchronous formats. For example, there is a mix of pre-recorded and live presentations.
Historically, abstract management was a time-consuming manual process requiring the handling of large amounts of paper and created a considerable administrative workload. [1] An increasing number of organizations now use web-based abstract management software to streamline and automate the process.
Screenshot of a template on the English Wikipedia displaying a collection of articles related to the COVID-19 pandemic, as of 3 April 2021. A year after its first creation, the main COVID-19 pandemic Wikipedia article in English had become the 34th most viewed article on the website of all time, with almost 32,000 inbound links from other articles, according to The New Republic. [2]
The researchers announced that using Rosetta@home, they were able to "accurately predict the atomic-scale structure of an important coronavirus protein weeks before it could be measured in the lab." [45] In May 2020, the Open Pandemics—COVID-19 partnership was launched between Scripps Research and IBM's World Community Grid.
These effects have persisted as US deaths due to COVID-19 in 2021 exceeded those in 2020. [362] In the United States, COVID-19 vaccines became available under emergency use in December 2020, beginning the national vaccination programme. The first COVID-19 vaccine was officially approved by the Food and Drug Administration on 23 August 2021. [363]
SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh known coronavirus to infect people, after 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, MERS-CoV, and the original SARS-CoV. [105] Like the SARS-related coronavirus implicated in the 2003 SARS outbreak, SARS‑CoV‑2 is a member of the subgenus Sarbecovirus (beta-CoV lineage B). [106] [107] Coronaviruses undergo frequent recombination. [108]
As of 2023, the COVID-19 pandemic is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV‑2). Its effect has been broad, affecting general society, the global economy, culture, ecology, politics, and other areas.