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  2. Equations for a falling body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_for_a_falling_body

    Terminal velocity depends on atmospheric drag, the coefficient of drag for the object, the (instantaneous) velocity of the object, and the area presented to the airflow. Apart from the last formula, these formulas also assume that g negligibly varies with height during the fall (that is, they assume constant acceleration).

  3. Torricelli's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torricelli's_law

    The velocity of the surface can ... The emptying time formula above tells ... The reason for that behavior is the fact that a droplet's falling velocity from a height ...

  4. Terminal velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_velocity

    Settling velocity W s of a sand grain (diameter d, density 2650 kg/m 3) in water at 20 °C, computed with the formula of Soulsby (1997). When the buoyancy effects are taken into account, an object falling through a fluid under its own weight can reach a terminal velocity (settling velocity) if the net force acting on the object becomes zero.

  5. Escape velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_velocity

    The escape velocity at a given height is times the speed in a circular orbit at the same height, (compare this with the velocity equation in circular orbit). This corresponds to the fact that the potential energy with respect to infinity of an object in such an orbit is minus two times its kinetic energy, while to escape the sum of potential ...

  6. Wind gradient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_gradient

    In common usage, wind gradient, more specifically wind speed gradient [1] or wind velocity gradient, [2] or alternatively shear wind, [3] is the vertical component of the gradient of the mean horizontal wind speed in the lower atmosphere. [4] It is the rate of increase of wind strength with unit increase in height above ground level.

  7. Equations of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_of_motion

    Trajectory of a particle with initial position vector r 0 and velocity v 0, subject to constant acceleration a, all three quantities in any direction, and the position r(t) and velocity v(t) after time t. The initial position, initial velocity, and acceleration vectors need not be collinear, and the equations of motion take an almost identical ...

  8. Torricelli's equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torricelli's_equation

    In physics, Torricelli's equation, or Torricelli's formula, is an equation created by Evangelista Torricelli to find the final velocity of a moving object with constant acceleration along an axis (for example, the x axis) without having a known time interval. The equation itself is: [1] = + where

  9. Shallow water equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shallow_water_equations

    is the velocity in the x direction v: is the velocity in the y direction H: is the mean height of the horizontal pressure surface h: is the height deviation of the horizontal pressure surface from its mean height, where h: η(x, y, t) = H(x, y) + h(x, y, t) b: is the topographical height from a reference D, where b: H(x, y) = D + b(x,y) g