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  2. Statistical conclusion validity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_conclusion...

    Statistical conclusion validity is the degree to which conclusions about the relationship among variables based on the data are correct or "reasonable". This began as being solely about whether the statistical conclusion about the relationship of the variables was correct, but now there is a movement towards moving to "reasonable" conclusions that use: quantitative, statistical, and ...

  3. External validity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_validity

    External validity is the validity of applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context of that study. [1] In other words, it is the extent to which the results of a study can generalize or transport to other situations, people, stimuli, and times.

  4. IMRAD - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMRAD

    Fig.1: Wineglass model for IMRaD structure. The above scheme shows how to line up the information in IMRaD writing. It has two characteristics: the first is its top-bottom symmetric shape; the second is its change of width, meaning the top is wide, and it narrows towards the middle, and then widens again as it goes down toward the bottom.

  5. Null hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_hypothesis

    Therefore, the two-tailed null hypothesis will be preserved in this case, not supporting the conclusion reached with the single-tailed null hypothesis, that the coin is biased towards heads. This example illustrates that the conclusion reached from a statistical test may depend on the precise formulation of the null and alternative hypotheses.

  6. Inference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inference

    The process by which a conclusion is inferred from multiple observations is called inductive reasoning. The conclusion may be correct or incorrect, or correct to within a certain degree of accuracy, or correct in certain situations. Conclusions inferred from multiple observations may be tested by additional observations.

  7. Descriptive statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descriptive_statistics

    A descriptive statistic (in the count noun sense) is a summary statistic that quantitatively describes or summarizes features from a collection of information, [1] while descriptive statistics (in the mass noun sense) is the process of using and analysing those statistics.

  8. Abstract (summary) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_(summary)

    The main conclusions and recommendations (i.e., how the work answers the proposed research problem). It may also contain brief references, [ 20 ] although some publications' standard style omits references from the abstract, reserving them for the article body (which, by definition, treats the same topics but in more depth).

  9. Statistical hypothesis test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_hypothesis_test

    The handful are the sample. The null hypothesis is that the sample originated from the population. The criterion for rejecting the null-hypothesis is the "obvious" difference in appearance (an informal difference in the mean). The interesting result is that consideration of a real population and a real sample produced an imaginary bag.