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The human appendix averages 9 cm (3.5 in) in length, ranging from 5 to 35 cm (2.0 to 13.8 in). The diameter of the appendix is 6 mm (0.24 in), and more than 6 mm (0.24 in) is considered a thickened or inflamed appendix. The longest appendix ever removed was 26 cm (10 in) long. [3]
Location of the appendix in the digestive system 3D model of appendicitis. Acute appendicitis seems to be the result of a primary obstruction of the appendix. [20] [10] Once this obstruction occurs, the appendix becomes filled with mucus and swells. This continued production of mucus leads to increased pressures within the lumen and the walls ...
The combination of inflammation, reduced blood flow to the appendix, and distention of the appendix causes tissue injury, and tissue death. [6] If this process is left untreated, the appendix may burst, releasing bacteria into the abdominal cavity, leading to increased complications. [6] [7]
The appendix has a mucosa resembling the colon but is heavily infiltrated with lymphocytes. Transition between the different types of epithelium occurs at the junction between the oesophagus and stomach ; between the stomach and duodenum , between the ileum and caecum , and at the pectinate line of the anus .
Infection of the appendix is appendicitis. When there is a buildup of bacteria, the appendix can get inflamed and swollen, and this leads to appendicitis. Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas. Acute pancreatitis is sudden inflammation of the pancreas that may be mild or life-threatening but usually subsides. Gallstones and excessive ...
The human abdomen is divided into quadrants and regions by anatomists and physicians for the purposes of study, diagnosis, and treatment. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The division into four quadrants allows the localisation of pain and tenderness , scars , lumps, and other items of interest, narrowing in on which organs and tissues may be involved.
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Functionally, the human abdomen is where most of the digestive tract is placed and so most of the absorption and digestion of food occurs here. The alimentary tract in the abdomen consists of the lower esophagus , the stomach , the duodenum , the jejunum , ileum , the cecum and the appendix , the ascending , transverse and descending colons ...