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The cruciate anastomosis is a circulatory anastomosis in the upper thigh [1] formed by the inferior gluteal artery, the lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries, the first perforating artery of the deep femoral artery, [2] [1] and the anastomotic branch of the posterior branch of the obturator artery.
A circulatory anastomosis is a connection (an anastomosis) between two blood vessels, such as between arteries (arterio-arterial anastomosis), between veins (veno-venous anastomosis) or between an artery and a vein (arterio-venous anastomosis). Anastomoses between arteries and between veins result in a multitude of arteries and veins ...
Inferior gluteal artery at the Duke University Health System's Orthopedics program; Anatomy figure: 43:07-12 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Sagittal view of the internal iliac artery and its branches in the female pelvis.
The patellar network (circulatory anastomosis around the knee-joint, patellar anastomosis, genicular anastomosis, articular vascular network of knee [1] or rete articulare genus [2]) is an intricate network of blood vessels around and above the patella, and on the contiguous ends of the femur and tibia, forming a superficial and a deep plexus.
The deep femoral artery gives off the following branches: Lateral circumflex femoral artery. [1] [2]Medial circumflex femoral artery. [1] [2]3 perforating arteries that perforate the adductor magnus muscle to the posterior and medial compartments of the thigh to connect with the branches of the popliteal artery behind the knee.
Five genicular arteries branch from the popliteal artery to form a network around the knee, the genicular anastomosis. The anastomosis provides collateral circulation in the event of damage to the region. [1] Inferior or distal to the origin of the descending genicular artery are two superior genicular arteries: Medial superior genicular artery
The second perforating artery (a. perforans secunda), larger than the first, pierces the tendons of the adductores brevis and magnus, and divides into ascending and descending branches, which supply the posterior femoral muscles, anastomosing with the first and third perforating.
The inferior rectal artery arises from the internal pudendal artery as it passes above the ischial tuberosity.. Piercing the wall of the pudendal canal, it divides into two or three branches which cross the ischioanal fossa, and are distributed to the muscles and integument of the anal region, and send offshoots around the lower edge of the gluteus maximus to the skin of the buttock.