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The rotator cuff compresses the glenohumeral joint during abduction of the arm, an action known as concavity compression, in order to allow the large deltoid muscle to further elevate the arm. In other words, without the rotator cuff, the humeral head would ride up partially out of the glenoid fossa, lessening the efficiency of the deltoid muscle.
Complications may include a Bankart lesion, Hill-Sachs lesion, rotator cuff tear, or injury to the axillary nerve. [1] A shoulder dislocation often occurs as a result of a fall onto an outstretched arm or onto the shoulder. [3] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and confirmed by X-rays. [2]
Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a process of senescence. The pathophysiology is mucoid degeneration. [4] Most people develop rotator cuff tendinopathy within their lifetime. [5] As part of rotator cuff tendinopathy, the tendon can thin and develop a defect. This defect is often referred to as a rotator cuff tear.
For all forms of rotator cuff tears, depending on the severity of the injury, possible treatments include rest, an arm sling, physical therapy, steroid injections, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or surgery. [24] When this type of cartilage starts to wear out (a process called arthritis), the joint becomes painful and stiff. [21 ...
The rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder produce a high tensile force, and help to pull the head of the humerus into the glenoid cavity. The glenoid cavity is shallow and contains the glenoid labrum which deepens it and aids stability. With 120 degrees of unassisted flexion, the shoulder joint is the most mobile joint in the body.
Mack et al. developed an ultrasonographic procedure with which it is possible to explore almost the complete rotator cuff within six steps. It unveils clearly the whole area from the subedge of the subscapularis tendon until the intersection between the infraspinatus tendon and musculus teres minor.