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RBD is a sleep disorder characterized by the loss of normal skeletal muscle atonia during REM sleep and is associated with prominent motor activity and vivid dreaming. [6] [2] These dreams often involve screaming, shouting, laughing, crying, arm flailing, kicking, punching, choking, and jumping out of bed.
Sleep onset is the transition from wakefulness into sleep. Sleep onset usually transits into non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM sleep) but under certain circumstances (e.g. narcolepsy ) it is possible to transit from wakefulness directly into rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep).
Rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep or REMS) is a unique phase of sleep in mammals (including humans) and birds, characterized by random rapid movement of the eyes, accompanied by low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity of the sleeper to dream vividly. The core body and brain temperatures increase during REM sleep and skin ...
Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, irregular sleep-wake type 327.33 G47.23 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, free-running (non-entrained) type 327.34 G47.24 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, jet lag type 327.35 G47.25 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, shift work type 327.36 G47.26 Circadian rhythm sleep disorders due to medical condition 327.37 G47.27
The onset of sleep involves slowing down of this frequency to the drowsiness of alpha (8–12 Hz) and finally to theta (4–10 Hz) of Stage 1 NREM sleep. [23] This frequency further decreases progressively through the higher stages of NREM and REM sleep.
Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), acting out violent or dramatic dreams while in REM sleep, sometimes injuring bed partner or self (REM sleep disorder or RSD) [88] Restless legs syndrome (RLS), an irresistible urge to move legs. Shift work sleep disorder (SWSD), a situational circadian rhythm sleep disorder.