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To promote climate policy development and ensure a water-robust and climate-resilient future, Netherlands has developed a spatial adaptation plan. The plan is based on stress testing on extreme climate events such as drought, heat stress, flooding and heavy downpours to identify vulnerabilities in the living environment. [46]
The geography of the European Netherlands is unusual in that much of its land has been reclaimed from the sea and is below sea level, protected by dikes. It is a small country with a total area of 41,545 km 2 (16,041 sq mi) [ 1 ] and ranked 131st .
The Köppen climate classification system was modified further within the Trewartha climate classification system in 1966 (revised in 1980). The Trewartha system sought to create a more refined middle latitude climate zone, which was one of the criticisms of the Köppen system (the climate group C was too general). [10]: 200–1
Unless otherwise specified, in American contexts "hardiness zone" or simply "zone" usually refers to the USDA scale. However, some confusion can exist in discussing buildings and HVAC, where "climate zone" can refer to the International Energy Conservation Code zones, where Zone 1 is warm and Zone 8 is cold.
Nevertheless, it is the world's second-largest exporter of food and agricultural products by value, owing to its fertile soil, mild climate, intensive agriculture, and inventiveness. [20] [21] [22] The four largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. [23]
A Mediterranean climate (/ ˌ m ɛ d ɪ t ə ˈ r eɪ n i ən / MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən), also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen and Trewartha as Cs, is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitudes (normally 30 to 44 north and south latitude). Such climates typically have dry summers and wet winters, with ...
An image of the Gulf Stream's path and its related branches The average number of days per year with precipitation The average amount of sunshine yearly (hours). The climate of western Europe is strongly conditioned by the Gulf Stream, which keeps mild air (for the latitude) over Northwestern Europe in the winter months, especially in Ireland, the United Kingdom and coastal Norway.
Environment of the Netherlands. The Netherlands had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 0.6/10, ranking it 169th globally out of 172 countries. [1]