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Any S-parameter may be displayed graphically on a polar diagram by a dot for one frequency or a locus for a range of frequencies. If it applies to one port only (being of the form S n n {\displaystyle S_{nn}\,} ), it may be displayed on an impedance or admittance Smith Chart normalised to the system impedance.
The S-matrix is closely related to the transition probability amplitude in quantum mechanics and to cross sections of various interactions; the elements (individual numerical entries) in the S-matrix are known as scattering amplitudes. Poles of the S-matrix in the complex-energy plane are identified with bound states, virtual states or resonances.
A VNA is a test system that enables the RF performance of radio frequency and microwave devices to be characterised in terms of network scattering parameters, or S parameters. The diagram shows the essential parts of a typical 2-port vector network analyzer (VNA). The two ports of the device under test (DUT) are denoted port 1 (P1) and port 2 ...
The Stokes I, Q, U and V parameters. The Stokes parameters are a set of values that describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation.They were defined by George Gabriel Stokes in 1851, [1] [2] as a mathematically convenient alternative to the more common description of incoherent or partially polarized radiation in terms of its total intensity (I), (fractional) degree of ...
A Z-parameter matrix describes the behaviour of any linear electrical network that can be regarded as a black box with a number of ports.A port in this context is a pair of electrical terminals carrying equal and opposite currents into and out-of the network, and having a particular voltage between them.
This is often known as a polar diagram. Reciprocity. The radiation patterns of a vertical half-wave dipole, an omnidirectional antenna. The horizontal and vertical ...
Typically, a root locus diagram will indicate the transfer function's pole locations for varying values of the parameter . A root locus plot will be all those points in the s -plane where G ( s ) H ( s ) = − 1 {\\displaystyle G(s)H(s)=-1} for any value of K {\\displaystyle K} .
The Nyquist plot for () = + + with s = jω.. In control theory and stability theory, the Nyquist stability criterion or Strecker–Nyquist stability criterion, independently discovered by the German electrical engineer Felix Strecker [] at Siemens in 1930 [1] [2] [3] and the Swedish-American electrical engineer Harry Nyquist at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1932, [4] is a graphical technique ...