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A vestibular schwannoma (VS), also called acoustic neuroma, is a benign tumor that develops on the vestibulocochlear nerve that passes from the inner ear to the brain. The tumor originates when Schwann cells that form the insulating myelin sheath on the nerve malfunction.
The research studies have also shown that there is a discrepancy between the data obtained from 2PD tests and data obtained from other tests used to measure tactile spatial acuity. [ 19 ] 2-point orientation discrimination (2POD) compared to traditional two-point discrimination (2PD)
Motion sickness/motion intolerance: a disjunction between visual stimulation, vestibular stimulation, and/or proprioception; Visual exposure to nearby moving objects (examples of optokinetic stimuli include passing cars and falling snow) Other diseases: (labyrinthitis, Ménière's disease, and migraine, [27] etc.)
Other sensory modalities exist, for example the vestibular sense (balance and the sense of movement) and proprioception (the sense of knowing one's position in space) Along with Time (The sense of knowing where one is in time or activities). It is important that the information of these different sensory modalities must be relatable.
The receptor for the sense of balance resides in the vestibular system in the ear (for the three-dimensional orientation of the head, and by inference, the rest of the body). Balance is also mediated by the kinesthetic reflex fed by proprioception (which senses the relative location of the rest of the body to the head). [22]
The spinocerebellum integrates visual, auditory, proprioceptive, and balance information to act out body and limb movements. It receives input from the trigeminal nerve, dorsal column (of the spinal cord), midbrain, thalamus, reticular formation and vestibular nuclei outputs [clarification needed].
Acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) – benign neoplasm of Schwann cells affecting the vestibulocochlear nerve; Meningioma – benign tumour of the pia and arachnoid mater; Ménière's disease – causes sensorineural hearing loss in the low frequency range (125 Hz to 1000 Hz).
Dyspraxia: poor motor planning (more related to the vestibular system and proprioception) Poor bilateral integration: inadequate use of both sides of the body simultaneously; Tactile defensiveness: negative reaction to tactile stimuli; Visual perceptual deficits: poor form and space perception and visual motor functions