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Examples of specific antimigraine drug classes include triptans (first line option), ergot alkaloids, ditans and gepants. Migraines can also be treated with unspecific analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen. Opioids are not recommended for treatment of migraines.
[12] [13] Aspirin (900 to 1000 mg) can relieve moderate to severe migraine pain, with an effectiveness similar to sumatriptan. [14] [15] Paracetamol, either alone or in combination with metoclopramide (an anti-nausea drug), is an effective treatment with a low risk of adverse effects.
Dihydroergotamine (DHE), sold under the brand names D.H.E. 45 and Migranal among others, is an ergot alkaloid used to treat migraines. [7] It is a derivative of ergotamine.It is administered as a nasal spray or injection and has an efficacy similar to that of sumatriptan.
The drugs are started at a low dose, which is gradually increased until therapeutic effects develop, the ceiling dose for the chosen drug is reached, or side effects become intolerable. Preventive migraine medications are considered effective if they reduce the frequency or severity of the migraine attacks by at least 50%. [12]
A drug used in the prevention of migraine may also help reduce so-called rebound headaches, according to a new review of data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled migraine trial.
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists are a class of drugs that act as antagonists of the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CGRPR). [1]Several monoclonal antibodies that bind to the CGRP receptor or peptide have been approved for prevention of migraine. [2]
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Pizotifen is the generic name of the drug and its INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name and BAN Tooltip British Approved Name, while pizotyline is its USAN Tooltip United States Adopted Name. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] [ 21 ] Brand names of pizotifen include Sandomigran, Mosegor, and Litec, among others.