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The McKenzie method is a technique primarily used in physical therapy.It was developed in the late 1950s by New Zealand physiotherapist Robin McKenzie. [1] [2] [3] In 1981 he launched the concept which he called "Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT)" – a system encompassing assessment, diagnosis and treatment for the spine and extremities.
When treating a person with a spinal cord injury, repairing the damage created by injury is the ultimate goal. By using a variety of treatments, greater improvements are achieved, and, therefore, treatment should not be limited to one method. Furthermore, increasing activity will increase his/her chances of recovery. [1]
This is done as an effort to prevent injury to the spinal cord [1] in unstable spinal fractures. [2] About 0.5-3% of people with blunt trauma will have a spine injury, [3] [4] with 42-50% of injuries due to motor vehicle accidents, 27-43% from falls or work injuries, and the rest due to sports injuries (9%) or assault (11%).
More recently, it has been reported that there are gaps in the medical literature for spinal MUA in the areas of patient selection and treatment protocols. [5] On account of that, a Delphi process was undertaken to develop evidence-informed and consensus-based guidelines for the chiropractic profession. [ 42 ]
In the lumbar spine it is commonly used to treat spinal claudication caused by spinal stenosis, and is considered the most effective treatment for this condition based on current evidence. [3] In the cervical and thoracic spine it is used to treat myelopathy caused by compression of the spinal cord itself.
Spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality exists when spinal cord injury is present but there is no evidence of spinal column injury on radiographs. [22] Spinal column injury is trauma that causes fracture of the bone or instability of the ligaments in the spine ; this can coexist with or cause injury to the spinal cord, but each ...
The thoracic spine begins at the base of the neck and extends to the middle of the trunk. Any pain in this area is considered "middle back pain". [2] The exact symptoms associated with middle back pain will depend upon the underlying cause. Most middle back pain is not serious in nature.
Accompanying injuries often play a key role in the outcome. [10] Injuries that may accompany TBI include pulmonary contusion and laceration; and fractures of the sternum, ribs and clavicles. [2] Spinal cord injury, facial trauma, traumatic aortic rupture, injuries to the abdomen, lung, and head are present in 40–100%. [17]