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The rules of pronunciation given in the Tolkāppiyam, a text on the grammar of old Tamil, says that the āytam in old Tamil patterned with semivowels and it occurred after a short vowel and before a stop; it either lengthened the previous vowel, geminated the stop or was lost if the following segment is phonetically voiced in the environment. [26]
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Tamil on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Tamil in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
The Tamil language uses many ideophones, both in spoken (colloquial) and in formal usage. Ideophones are called irattaik kilavi (இரட்டைக் கிளவி) in Tamil grammar. sora sora (சொறசொற) – rough (the sound produced when rubbing back and forth on a rough surface) vazha-vazha (வழவழ) – smooth, slippery
Tamil onomatopoeia refers to the Tamil language words that phonetically imitates, resembles or suggests the source of the sound that it describes. The rules of Tamil onomatopoeia are laid down in the grammar book Tolkāppiyam from Sangam literature .
Much of Tamil grammar is extensively described in the oldest available grammar book for Tamil, the Tolkāppiyam (dated between 300 BCE and 300 CE). Modern Tamil writing is largely based on the 13th century grammar Naṉṉūl , which restated and clarified the rules of the Tolkāppiyam with some modifications.
A nuqta-like diacritic is used while writing the Badaga language and double dot nuqta for the Irula language to transcribe its sounds. [ 15 ] There has also been effort to differentiate voiced and voiceless consonants through subscripted numbers – two, three, and four which stand for the unvoiced aspirated, voiced, voiced aspirated respectively.
"Eluttu" means "sound, letter, phoneme", and this book of the Tolkappiyam covers the sounds of the Tamil language, how they are produced (phonology). [53] It includes punarcci (lit. "joining, copulation") which is combination of sounds, orthography, graphemic and phonetics with sounds as they are produced and listened to. [53]
The basic prosodic unit is the asai (acai) which is composed of ezhuttu (eḻuttu), the letters of the Tamil language or more accurately, the speech sounds in Tamil. Asais are the components of the metrical foot or cīr which, in turn, are the components of the adi (aṭi), a line of poetry.