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  2. List of steepest gradients on adhesion railways - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_steepest_gradients...

    Stuttgart light rail system, Germany: Steepest gradient in Alexanderstraße on the southern part of line U15. [7] 1 in 12.5 (8%) Hakone Tozan Line, Japan: 1 in 12.5 (8%) Trieste-Opicina tramway: Mixed adhesion and rope-hauled operation. The maximum gradient on adhesion is 8% between Vetta Scorcola and Cologna stops.

  3. Steep grade railway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steep_grade_railway

    Where the line is too steep to rely on adhesion for climbing, a rack railway may be used, in which a toothed cog wheel engages with a toothed rack rail laid between the tracks. A now little used alternative to the rack and pinion railway is the Fell system, in which traction and/or braking wheel are applied to a central rail under pressure.

  4. Rack railway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rack_railway

    The Pilatus Railway is the steepest rack railway in the world, with a maximum gradient of 48% and an average gradient of 35%. Functioning of the rack and pinion on the Strub system. A rack railway (also rack-and-pinion railway, cog railway, or cogwheel railway) is a steep grade railway with a toothed rack rail, usually between the running rails.

  5. Ruling gradient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruling_gradient

    To compensate for this, the gradient should be a little less steep the sharper the curve is; the necessary grade reduction is assumed to be given by a simple formula such as 0.04 per cent per "degree of curve", the latter being a measure of curve sharpness used in the United States. On a 10-degree curve (radius 573.7 feet) the grade would thus ...

  6. Saluda Grade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saluda_Grade

    Saluda Grade was the steepest standard-gauge mainline railway grade in the United States. [1] Owned by the Norfolk Southern Railway as part of its W Line, Saluda Grade in Polk County, North Carolina, gained 606 feet (185 m) in elevation in fewer than three miles (4.8 km) between Melrose and Saluda, North Carolina. Average grade was 4.24 percent ...

  7. Grade (slope) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade_(slope)

    The steepest at 41 percent is the block of Bradford Street above Tompkins Avenue in the Bernal Heights neighborhood. [11] The San Francisco Municipal Railway operates bus service among the city's hills. The steepest grade for bus operations is 23.1% by the 67-Bernal Heights on Alabama Street between Ripley and Esmeralda Streets. [12]

  8. Lickey Incline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lickey_Incline

    The Lickey Incline, south of Birmingham, is the steepest sustained main-line railway incline in Great Britain.The climb is a gradient of 1 in 37.7 (2.65% or 26.5‰ or 1.52°) for a continuous distance of two miles (3.2 km).

  9. Pilatus Railway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilatus_Railway

    The Pilatus Railway (German: Pilatusbahn, PB) is a mountain railway in Switzerland and the steepest rack railway in the world, with a maximum gradient of 48% and an average gradient of 35%.