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Map of Iraq showing the archaeological sites where clay tablets containing (parts of) the Sumerian King List have been found. The Sumerian King List is known from a number of different sources, all in the form of clay tablets or cylinders and written in Sumerian .
English: This is the Sumerian King List, an ancient stone tablet listing cities in Sumer and its neighbouring regions, their rulers and the length of their reigns. It contains a reference to the flood myth and mythological origins of Kingship, with the details of the later kings listed on the tablet having more realistic reigns than the excessively long ones of the earlier entries.
Sumer was conquered by the Semitic-speaking kings of the Akkadian Empire around 2270 BC (short chronology), but Sumerian continued as a sacred language. Native Sumerian rule re-emerged for about a century in the Third Dynasty of Ur at approximately 2100–2000 BC, but the Akkadian language also remained in use for some time.
A Sumerian relief of Ur-Nanshe, king of Lagash circa 2500 BCE. This dynasty is dated to the 26th century BC, about the same time as Elam is also mentioned clearly. [22] According to the Sumerian king list, Elam, Sumer's neighbor to the east, held the kingship in Sumer for a brief period, based in the city of Awan.
The last king of the Ur III dynasty King Ibbi-Sin (c.2028–2004 BCE) enthroned, with standing goddess. [34] Sumerian dominated the cultural sphere and was the language of legal, administrative, and economic documents, while signs of the spread of Akkadian could be seen elsewhere.
The four sides, about 20 cm high and 9 cm wide, are inscribed in the Sumerian language with lists of Sumerian kings; each side contains the text in two columns: this is the famous Sumerian King List. It is considered as the most complete of the Sumerian King Lists which have been found, of which there are approximately 25 more or less complete ...
29th-century BC Sumerian kings (1 C, 6 P) A. Kings of Adab (6 P) Antediluvian Sumerian kings (9 P) Awan dynasty (16 P) E. Kings of Eshnunna (5 P) G. Gutian dynasty of ...
According to the Sumerian King List, the final ruler of the First Dynasty of Uruk Lugal-kitun was overthrown by Mesannepada of Ur. There were then four kings in the First Dynasty of Ur: Mesannepada, Mes-kiagnuna, Elulu, and Balulu. [3] Two other kings earlier than Mes-Anepada are known from other sources, namely Mes-kalam-du and A-Kalam-du. [3]