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This is a list of the census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada by population, using data from the 2021 Canadian census and the 2016 Canadian census. [1] Each entry is identified as a census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) as defined by Statistics Canada.
The census geographic units of Canada are the census subdivisions defined and used by Canada's federal government statistics bureau Statistics Canada [1] to conduct the country's quinquennial census. These areas exist solely for the purposes of statistical analysis and presentation; they have no government of their own.
Statistics Canada's review of CMAs and CAs for the 2016 Census resulted in the addition of eight new CAs and the demotion of two CAs, and the promotion of two CAs to census metropolitan areas (CMAs). [3] [4]
A census agglomeration is a census geographic unit in Canada determined by Statistics Canada. A census agglomeration comprises one or more adjacent census subdivisions that has a core population of 10,000 or greater. It is eligible for classification as a census metropolitan area once it reaches a population of 100,000. [1]
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Canada population density map (2014). A population centre, in the context of a Canadian census, is a populated place, or a cluster of interrelated populated places, which meets the demographic characteristics of an urban area, having a population of at least 1,000 people and a population density of no fewer than 400 people per square km 2.
Many census subdivisions are part of a larger census metropolitan area or census agglomeration. For their ranking, see the list of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada . A city is displayed in bold if it is a provincial or federal capital (Ottawa).
The following table lists Canada's census divisions by population in the 2016 Canadian census, from highest to lowest. Clicking on the province's two letter abbreviation will take you to a list of census divisions for that province with links.