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Apophenia can be considered a commonplace effect of brain function. Taken to an extreme, however, it can be a symptom of psychiatric dysfunction, for example, as a symptom in schizophrenia, [6] where a patient sees hostile patterns (for example, a conspiracy to persecute them) in ordinary actions.
Validation rather than clinical condemnation of ideas of reference is frequently expressed by anti-psychiatrists, on the grounds, for example, that "the patient's ideas of reference and influence and delusions of persecution were merely descriptions of her parents' behavior toward her."
Views vary with geography and culture, over time, and among individuals. Many terms that some people view as harmful are not viewed as hurtful by others, and even where some people are hurt by certain terms, others may be hurt by the replacement of such terms with what they consider to be euphemisms (e.g., "differently abled" or "special needs ...
Clanging (or clang associations) is a symptom of mental disorders, primarily found in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. [1] This symptom is also referred to as association chaining, and sometimes, glossomania. Steuber defines it as "repeating chains of words that are associated semantically or phonetically with no relevant ...
CBT is used to treat both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. [5] Families of the affected also benefit from this treatment, as they can sit on sessions and talk to the therapist as well. [15] [16] Other type of therapy that can be helpful for people with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia include family therapy, psycho-education, and support ...
Hypomanic episodes do not go to the full extremes of mania (i.e., do not usually cause severe social or occupational impairment, and are without psychosis), and this can make bipolar II more difficult to diagnose, since the hypomanic episodes may simply appear as periods of successful high productivity and are reported less frequently than a ...
People with bipolar face a decade-long wait to get diagnosed and can end up stuck on the wrong treatment, experts have said. The mental health condition, which affects writer and broadcaster ...
Numerous notable people have had some form of mood disorder. This is a list of people accompanied by verifiable sources associating them with some form of bipolar disorder (formerly known as "manic depression"), including cyclothymia, based on their own public statements; this discussion is sometimes tied to the larger topic of creativity and mental illness. In the case of dead people only ...