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Acacia s.l. (pronounced / ə ˈ k eɪ ʃ ə / or / ə ˈ k eɪ s i ə /), known commonly as mimosa, acacia, thorntree or wattle, [2] is a polyphyletic genus of shrubs and trees belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae. It was described by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1773 based on the African species Acacia nilotica.
Acacia, commonly known as wattles [3] [4] or acacias, is a genus of about 1,084 species of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae. Initially, it comprised a group of plant species native to Africa, South America, and Australasia , but is now reserved for species mainly from Australia, with others from New ...
Vachellia tortilis, widely known as Acacia tortilis but now attributed to the genus Vachellia of the Mimosa Family (), [4] is the umbrella thorn acacia, also known as umbrella thorn and Israeli babool, [5] a medium to large canopied tree native to most of Africa, primarily to the savanna and Sahel of Africa (especially the Somali peninsula and Sudan), but also occurring in the Middle East.
African savannas occur between forest or woodland regions and grassland regions. Flora includes acacia and baobab trees, grass, and low shrubs. Acacia trees lose their leaves in the dry season to conserve moisture, while the baobab stores water in its trunk for the dry season. Many of these savannas are in Africa.
A tree savanna at Tarangire National Park in Tanzania in East Africa A grass savanna at Kruger National Park in South Africa. A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) biome and ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close.
Where seasonal flooding is shallower and shorter in duration, Trees and shrubs are present, ranging from savannas to woodlands, locally known as ‘karal’ or ‘firki’. Acacia seyal is the predominant tree, with Acacia nilotica around depressions.
River valley lowlands with fine-textured clay and clay-loam soils are home to open woodlands characterized by trees of the genera Terminalia and Bauhinia, and grasslands of Chrysopogon, Aristida, and Dichanthium, with species of Xerochloa in wetter areas. Many of these woodlands and grasslands have been converted to farmland. [2]
Savanna and open woodland are the characteristic vegetation types. Species of Combretum and Terminalia are the typical savanna trees, and the ground is covered with long grasses, herbs, and shrubs. Species of Hyparrhenia , or elephant grass, is the predominant grass, and often grows 1 meter or more in height.