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Grey indicates letters not used in native words (Q, V, and X). The Polish alphabet (Polish: alfabet polski, abecadło) is the script of the Polish language, the basis for the Polish system of orthography. It is based on the Latin alphabet but includes certain letters (9) with diacritics: the acute accent – kreska: ć, ń, ó, ś, ź ; the ...
Polish orthography is the system of writing the Polish language. The language is written using the Polish alphabet, which derives from the Latin alphabet, but includes some additional letters with diacritics. [1]: 6 The orthography is mostly phonetic, or rather phonemic—the written letters (or combinations of them) correspond in a consistent ...
Polish is a synthetic and fusional language which has seven grammatical cases. [19] It has fixed penultimate stress and an abundance of palatal consonants. [20] Contemporary Polish developed in the 1700s as the successor to the medieval Old Polish (10th–16th centuries) and Middle Polish (16th–18th centuries).
The close-mid back [o] is a free variant (in blue) before [w]. The Polish vowel system consists of six oral sounds. Traditionally, it was also said to include two nasal monophthongs, [1] with Polish considered the last Slavic language that had preserved nasal sounds that existed in Proto-Slavic.
Polish grammar. The grammar of the Polish language is complex and characterized by a high degree of inflection, and has relatively free word order, although the dominant arrangement is subject–verb–object (SVO). There commonly are no articles (although this has been a subject of academic debate), and there is frequent dropping of subject ...
The sources for the study of the Old Polish language are the data of the comparative-historical grammar of Slavic languages, the material of Polish dialects, several Latin manuscripts with Polish glosses, as well as – most importantly – monuments written in Old Polish: the Holy Cross Sermons (Polish: Kazania świętokrzyskie), the Florian ...
Polish morphology. The morphology of the Polish language is characterised by a fairly regular system of inflection (conjugation and declension) as well as word formation. Certain regular or common alternations apply across the Polish morphological system, affecting word formation and inflection of various parts of speech.
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Polish language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{}}, {{}}, and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.