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The concept of weak sustainability still attracts a lot of criticism. Some even suggest that the concept of sustainability is redundant. Other approaches are advocated, including ‘social bequests’, which focus the attention away from neoclassical theory altogether. A prime example of a weak sustainability is the Government Pension Fund of ...
Ecological economics draws upon its work on resource allocation and strong sustainability to address monetary policy. Drawing upon a transdisciplinary literature, ecological economics roots its policy work in monetary theory and its goals of sustainable scale, just distribution, and efficient allocation. [103]
Ecological economist Clive Spash criticized Hartwick's Rule for its "self-evident lack of realism". It depends on man-made capital for: failing to depreciate, for substituting rather than complementing natural capital, and for being unrelated to rather than produced from natural capital.
In that model, the weak sustainability concept states that capital made by humans could replace most of the natural capital. [73] [72] Natural capital is a way of describing environmental resources. People may refer to it as nature. An example for this is the use of environmental technologies to reduce pollution. [74] The opposite concept in ...
Sustainable development overlaps with the idea of sustainability which is a normative concept. [5] UNESCO formulated a distinction between the two concepts as follows: "Sustainability is often thought of as a long-term goal (i.e. a more sustainable world), while sustainable development refers to the many processes and pathways to achieve it." [6]
Theory under pressure skates on thin ice 25 The three Rs of sustainability: Reduce. Reuse. Recycle. 29 Red, red wine 33 Highly strung 36 Dozy deceptions 39
We also saw a continued focus on sustainability, a steady dependence on technology to boost efficiency, and one viral Dubai chocolate bar that inspired countless homages, even on a few fine dining ...
In northern Peru, the World Bank's business-lending arm is part owner of the Yanacocha gold mine, accused by impoverished farming communities of despoiling their land in pursuit of the precious ore. The bank and IFC have stepped up investments in projects deemed to have a high risk of serious and environment damage, including oil pipelines, mines and even coal-fired power plants, an ...