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Specific to public health policy, a determinant is a health risk that is general, abstract, related to inequalities, and difficult for an individual to control. [2] [3] [4] For example, poverty is known to be a determinant of an individual's standard of health. Risk factors may be used to identify high-risk people.
One of the predominant aims of epidemiology is to identify modifiable causes of health outcomes and disease especially those of public health concern. In order to ascertain whether modifying a particular trait (e.g. via an intervention, treatment or policy change) will convey a beneficial effect within a population, firm evidence that this trait causes the outcome of interest is required.
A new report drafted by experts lists 14 modifiable risk factors that may help prevent or slow down dementia, including two new additions: high cholesterol and eye problems.
Modifiable risk factors are also responsible for a large morbidity burden, resulting in poor quality of life in the present and loss of future life earning years. It is further estimated that by 2023, focused efforts on the prevention and treatment of chronic disease may result in 40 million fewer chronic disease cases, potentially reducing ...
Some of these risk factors, such as age, sex or family history/genetic predisposition, are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment (for example prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes). [24]
The majority of modifiable risk factors are related to vascular diseases and contribute to the burden of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. [2] These risk factors include vascular diseases (stroke, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation), metabolic risk factors (high blood pressure and obesity) and behavioural risk factors ...
Modifiable risk factors that contribute to the common strokes such as hypertension and heart disease, are found less commonly in the formation of spinal cord stroke. [3] On the other hand, diabetes mellitus , peripheral artery disease , smoking and cholesterol are associated more with such disease. [ 3 ]
The healthy range for fasting blood sugar is lower than 100 mg/dL, while 100 to 125 mg/dL indicates an increased risk for developing Type 2 diabetes. Manage blood pressure.