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  2. Language planning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_planning

    Language status is distinct from, though intertwined with, language prestige and language function. Language status is the given position (or standing) of a language against other languages. [ 9 ] A language garners status according to the fulfillment of four attributes, described in 1968 by two different authors, Heinz Kloss and William Stewart .

  3. Multilingualism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilingualism

    Research has found that the development of competence in the native language serves as a foundation of proficiency that can be transposed to the second language – the common underlying proficiency hypothesis. [31] [32] Cummins' work sought to overcome the perception propagated in the 1960s that learning two languages made for two competing aims.

  4. Metafunction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafunction

    The experiential function refers to the grammatical choices that enable speakers to make meanings about the world around us and inside us: "Most obviously, perhaps, when we watch small children interacting with the objects around them we can see that they are using language to construe a theoretical model of their experience.

  5. Domain-specific language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language

    While the language serves as a blend of multiple languages including Delphi, C++, and BASIC. Most of functions in that language after compiling in fact calls runtime functions written in language specific for targeted platform, so their final implementation is not visible to user.

  6. Systemic functional grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_functional_grammar

    the instrumental function serves to manipulate the environment, to cause certain events to happen; the regulatory function of language is the control of events; the representational function is the use of language to make statements, convey facts and knowledge, explain, or report to represent reality as the speaker/writer sees it;

  7. Written language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Written_language

    Written languages serve as crucial tools for communication, enabling the recording, preservation, and transmission of information, ideas, and culture across time and space. The orthography of a written language comprises the norms by which it is expected to function, including rules regarding spelling and typography.

  8. Functional linguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_linguistics

    The term 'functionalism' or 'functional linguistics' became controversial in the 1980s with the rise of a new wave of evolutionary linguistics. Johanna Nichols argued that the meaning of 'functionalism' had changed, and the terms formalism and functionalism should be taken as referring to generative grammar, and the emergent linguistics of Paul Hopper and Sandra Thompson, respectively; and ...

  9. List of lingua francas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_lingua_francas

    The most utilized modern example is English, which is the current dominant lingua franca of international diplomacy, business, science, technology and aviation, but many other languages serve, or have served at different historical periods, as lingua francas in particular regions, countries, or in special contexts.